Table 17.—Transformer Test Summary Chart Part to be Tested Test to be Performed Windings Resistance Across Windings Turns Ratio/Polarity/Phase Excitation Current at All Tap Positions Short Circuit Impedance Insulation Resistance to Ground (megohmmeter) Capacitance (Doble) Power Factor/Dissipation Factor (Doble) Induced Voltage/Partial Discharge/Riv Bushings Capacitance (Doble) Dielectric Loss (Doble) Power Factor/Dissipation Factor (Doble) Partial Discharge (Doble) Temperature (Infrared) Oil Level (Sight Glass) Visual Inspection (Cracks and Cleanliness) DGA Insulating Oil Dissolved Gas Analysis Dielectric Strength Interfacial Tension Acid Number Visual Inspection Color Water Content Oxygen Inhibitor Power Factor/Dissipation Factor Tap Changers - Load Contact Pressure and Continuity Temperature (Infrared) Turns Ratio at All Positions Timing Motor Load Current Limit Switch Operation and Continuity Tap Changers - No Load Contact Pressure and Continuity Centering Turns Ratio at All Positions Visual Inspection Core Core Insulation Resistance to Tank Ground Test (megohmmeter) Tanks and Associated Devices Pressure/Vacuum/Temperature Gages - Calibration Temperature (Infrared) Visual Inspection (Leaks and Corrosion) Conservator Visual Inspection (Leaks and Corrosion) Air Drier Desiccant Proper Color Valves in Proper Position Sudden Pressure Relay Calibration and Continuity Buchholz Relay Proper Operation and Continuity Cooling System Temperature (Infrared) Heat Exchanger Radiators Clear Air Flow Visual (Leaks, Cleaning, and Corrosion) Fans Controls Visual Inspection and Unusual Noise Pumps Rotation and Flow Indicator Motor Load Current REFERENCES 1.IEEE Standard C57.12.01-1989 Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers (ANSI). 2.IEEE Standard C57.12.00-1993 Standard General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers (ANSI). 3.Power Transformer Maintenance and Testing, General Physics Corporation. 1990. 4.Guidelines for the Life Extension of Substations EPRI, TR-105070. April 1995. 5.Transformer Maintenance Guide, by J.J Kelly, S.D. Myers, R.H. Parrish,S.D. Meyers Co. 1981. 6.Transformer General Gasketing Procedures, by Alan Cote, S.D. Meyers Co. 1987. 7.NFPA 70B-1998 Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance. 8.Bushing Field Test Guide, Doble Engineering Company. 1966. 9.Testing and Maintenance of High-Voltage Bushings, FIST 3-2, Bureau of Reclamation. 1991. 10.IEEE Standard C57.19.00, 1991 General Requirements and Test Procedure for Outdoor Power Apparatus Bushings. 11.IEEE Standard C57.104-1991 Guide for the Interpretation of Gases Generated in Oil-Immersed Transformers. 12.International Electrotechnical Commission (Draft IEC 60599 Edition 2), Mineral Oil-Impregnated Electrical Equipment in Service-Interpretation of Dissolved and Free Gas Analysis. 1997. 13.Dissolved Gas Analysis of Transformer Oil, by John C. Drotos, John W. Porter, Randy Stebbins, published by the S.D. Meyers Co. 1996. 14.IEEE Standard C57.94, 1982, Recommended Practice for Installation, Application, Operation and Maintenance of Dry-Type General Purpose Distribution and Power Transformers. 15.Criteria for the Interpretation of Data for Dissolved Gases in Oil from Transformers (A Review), by Paul Griffin, Doble Engineering Co. 1996. 16.Maintenance of High Voltage Transformers, by Martin Heath Cote Associates, London, England. 1989. 17.Thermal Monitors and Loading, by Harold Moore, from Transformer Performance Monitoring and Diagnostics EPRI. September 1997. 18.IEEE and IEC Codes to Interpret Incipient Faults in Transformers, Using Gas in Oil Analysis, by R.R. Rogers C.E.G.B, Transmission Division, Guilford, England. Circa 1995. 19.IEEE Standard 62-1995, IEEE Guide for Diagnostic Field Testing of Electrical Power Apparatus, Part 1: Oil Filled Power Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors. 20.FIST 3-5 Maintenance of Liquid Insulation: Mineral Oils and Askarels. 1992. 21.ANSI/ASTM D 971-91, Standard Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against Water by the Ring Method. 22.EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostics Conference VII, Experience with In-Field Water Contamination of Large Power Transformers, by Victor V. Sokolov and Boris V. Vanin, Scientific and Engineering Center “ZTZ Service Co.,” Ukraine. 1999 23.Doble Engineering Company “Reference Book on Insulating Liquids and Gases” RBILG-391. 1993. 24.ANSI/IEEE C57.92-1981, Guide for Loading Mineral Oil Immersed Transformers. 25.Doble Engineering Company Client Conference Minutes 1998 Insulating Fluids No. 65PAIC98. 26.IEEE P1258, Trial-Use Guide for the Interpretation of Gases Generated in Silicone-Immersed Transformers. 1999. 27.ASTM D-1933-97. Standard Specification of Nitrogen Gas as an Electrical Insulating Material. 28.ASTM D-3487-88, Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus. 29.ASTM D-5837-96, Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. 30.ASTM F-36-99, Standard Test Method for Compressibility and Recovery of Gasket Materials. 31.ASTM D-2240-97, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property – Durometer Hardness.